Wireless Requirements for Sustainability IOT

Wireless communication and network requirements for the sustainability of the IoT  require innovations to increase the data rate, capacity, connectivity, frequency usage, energy efficiency and mobility.  The main requirements are listed below:  

• Maximum data rate of 5G are approximately 10 gigabits per second (Gbps), while data rates of 1 Tb / s are required to meet the sustainability requirements of IoT. This demand for speeds that are 100 times higher than the current one can be met by next-generation technologies such as 6G, where peak data rates of 10 Tb / s can be achieved.  

• With the variety of technological operators competing for a low spectrum, efficient spectrum communication for the sustainability of the IoT are crucial. Particularly, in multilevel networks, the same areas of connectivity will be covered by several access network levels, causing severe interference between the levels within the paradigm. Therefore, advancements in interference mitigation, suppression and cancellation techniques are needed. The integration of licensed and unlicensed technologies (e.g. short Wi-Fi and long range cellular) is also required to connect all sustainability elements  in different IoT applications.

• Application-specific data rates. For some scenarios, such as hyper-spectral mineralogy detection techniques, application specific data rates of 1 to 10 speeds of 10 Gb / s are required.              

• Extremely energy efficient devices and technologies are required to support sustained and 24/7 operations in some of the sustainability IoT scenarios like monitoring urban underground infrastructure, monitoring sewers and storm overflows and underground soil. For example, IoT devices can wake up to receive data after longer periods of time to extend battery life.

• Latency and mobility. In order to archive Quality of Service (QOS), the IoT sustainability paradigm requires an OTA latency of 0.01 to 0.1 ms and extremely high mobility (621 miles / h). Low latency space-to-air and space-to-earth connections are also required.

• New gateways, protocols and standards are needed to integrate different network layers. An example of this connection is the interconnection between IoT devices in overhead networks and sensors in underground and submarine networks. Other examples of  include antenna to ground. Interaction gateways between objects and people can use computer vision, always-on discovery and awareness, and machine learning. Additionally, advancements in Things-to-Things (T2T) communication technologies are needed.                                                                                           

• Connectivity density. For IoT water climate monitoring applications, a very high density of approximately 145 devices and with a subnet capacity of over 1 Gb per second per square mile. This will help achieve interoperability between several sustainability paradigms.